About
Philosopher and historian who has been referred to as "the father of modern sociology" for his ideas on the relation between individuals and societies. He was a key figure of the Scottish Enlightenment period made famous by its influx of scholarly and academic achievements. One of his most widely treasured works is his 1767 book, An Essay on the History of Civil Society.
Before Fame
He earned his first degree from the University of St Andrews before studying divinity at the University of Edinburgh. He served as a chaplain for nearly 10 years until he committed himself to literary endeavors in 1754. He later became a professor of natural, mental, and moral philosophy.
Trivia
His belief that society was the basis of human ethics, activity, and status laid the groundwork for the development of sociological science. He was a passionate opponent of commercial society, as he believed that its design led to human fragility and dependence, whereas his support of conventional societies was based upon his belief that they upheld character virtues such as allegiance and valor.
Family Life
He was the son of Reverend Adam Ferguson. He was also the first cousin of the physicist and chemist who discovered magnesium and carbon dioxide, Joseph Black, M.D. He married Katherine Burnett in 1767 and they went on to raise 7 children together - Adam, James, Joseph, John, Isabella, Mary, and Margaret.
Associated With
Some of his most substantial intellectual influences included the renowned philosophers Adam Smith, David Hume, and Montesquieu. A handwritten letter to him from George Washington, the first president of the United States, was archived by the University of Edinburgh in February 2020.
